Chronic bronchitis:
defined clinically as cough and sputum production on ost
days for 3 months of 2 successive years.symptoms improve if they stop smoking.
How chronic bronchitis develops:
When there is smoking or air pollution, this cause reduce
ciliary and pahgocytary activity of epithelium resulting in mucus accumulation.
This lead to bronchi wall inflammation. Inflammatory infiltration
of wall lead to edema resulting in obstruction of the airways. Ifnflammation produce
exudate result in cough and expectoration. In small bronchioles , this lead to
wall destruction eventually bronchiectasis.
When there is obstruction , its result in in prolonged
expiration eventually air trapping causing hypoventilation. Hypoventilation result
in hypoxia and hypercapnia. Hypoxia and hypercapnia cause precapillary
vasoconstriction lead to pulmonary hypertension finally result in cor
pulmonale.
Hypoxia also lead to increase production of erythropoietin resulting
in polycytemia.
We can detected hypoxia by formation of cyanosis.
Chronic bronchitis also lead to emphysema by chronic
inflammation which cause production of proteolytic enzyme that damage the
alveoli.
treatment for chronic brochitis is quite the same with asthmatic bronchiole
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